The paper investigates the relationship of market structure and the technique characteristics of industries on empirical research basis by using the data on manufacturing industry in China. We find higher-concentration industry and low-concentration industry have significant difference with the technique characteristics of industries：average scale has significant positive effect to the market concentration of high-concentration industry, but it has significant negative effect to low-concentration industry. However, the marginal rate of technical substitution of two industries has opposite effect to concentration, where high-concentration industry’s impact to market concentration is not significant. These differences will tell us how to establish industry policy and how to improve industry structure.

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