The rural region is the largest consumption market of China. but Chinese farmers’ lack of demand for consumption has become a major constraint for the economic growth. This paper comparatively studies the structures of farmers’ income and consumption between China and Japan. We find that the low level and then arrow sources of Chinese farmers’ income account for a large part of the difference in consumption. However, similar trends can be observed as to the consumption structure. This study provides some implications for the issue of consumption of Chinese farmers.

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