Abstract: Improving the distribution system of land and other production factors plays an important role in raising farmers' income, alleviating relative poverty, and ensuring people's well-being to a new level. This paper focuses on "rural land transfer, farmers' income structure and relative poverty management", and discusses the theoretical relationship between the three. Based on the cross-sectional data of the China Pension and Health Tracking Survey (2018), this paper uses the intermediary effect model to verify the intermediary mechanism of income structure in the process of land transfer alleviating rural households' relative poverty. The results show that both land transfer and land transfer play a significant role in alleviating the relative poverty level of farmers, and the change of farmers' income structure plays an important intermediary role in this process. In the process of land transfer to alleviate the relative poverty of farmers, wage income has a significant intermediary effect, and agricultural operating income has a significant masking effect. In the process of land transfer to alleviate the relative poverty of farmers, agricultural operating income has a significant intermediary effect, and property income has a significant masking effect.

Keyword: Land circulation; Income structure; Relative poverty; Intermediate effect model;