Abstract: Under the background of "double carbon" goal, achieving emission reduction target and ensuring steady economic growth at the same time is China's current economic development mode. Therefore, exploring the mechanism of environmental regulation's influence on China's economic growth, especially on technological progress, will help to analyze the mechanism of environmental policy's effect on sustainable economic development. In this study, the SBM model was used to estimate the green total factor productivity of China's manufacturing sub-industries from 2003 to 2018, and the technological progress was decomposed to investigate the factor preference characteristics of biased technological progress. Finally, the panel regression model was used to empirically test the influence mechanism of environmental regulations on green total factor productivity, technological progress and their decomposition items. The results show that: (1) The overall green total factor productivity of China's manufacturing industry is increasing year by year, and technological progress is the main source of its growth. There is an inverted U-shaped relationship between environmental regulation and green total factor productivity and technological progress. At present the regulation intensity is on the left of the inflection point. The enhancement of environmental regulation intensity is conducive to promoting the growth of green total factor productivity and technological progress in our country's manufacturing industry. (2) From the perspective of the internal influence mechanism of technological progress, the results of biased technological progress factor preference show that the characteristics of input-biased technological progress factor preference change with the stage changes of economic development, while the output-biased technological progress is more biased towards CO2 output, but it shows a positive trend year by year. Environmental regulation has significant influence on input-biased technological progress, output-biased technological progress and scale technological progress. The improvement of environmental regulation intensity is conducive to improving input-biased technological progress and reducing output-biased technological progress, thus saving the input of production factors and reducing CO2 output. (3) Opening-up degree, capital intensity, government subsidies and other factors have a positive impact on green total factor productivity and technological progress, and strengthening these factors is conducive to improving the development of manufacturing economy. However, the study found that the influence of technological progress on carbon emissions has a certain "carbon locking" effect, and environmental regulations have not effectively reduced the dependence on coal use. This study calculated the economic development status of China's manufacturing industry and the effects of environmental regulations, which provided theoretical support for promoting the high-quality development of green economy.

Keywords: environmental regulation; Green total factor productivity; Technological progress bias; Inverted "U" type relation;